Solid State Physics

This course is an introduction to the relationships connecting atomic structure and macroscopic properties of solids. It includes an introduction to the calculus of periodic functions of three variables, including Bravais Lattices. Two simple models are used throughout the class: the homogeneous solid (Jellium) and the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO). Through these models, all key properties of solids are introduced to the students, including mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical and magnetic properties. Relatioships between quantities that describe different properties are highlighted.

Objectives

Students will have learned to calculate the approximate density, the distance between adjacent atoms, modulus, heat capacity, dielectric constant, refractive index, magnetoresistance in simple solids. They should have understood the mechanisms of quantum motion of electrons and the thermal motion of atoms in solids.

Prerequisites

The course requires a good knowledge of introductory quantum mechanics (wave-particle duality, hydrogen atom, the harmonic oscillator energy, molecular bond), at the level of a Modern Physics course taught in most Physics/Chemistry/Materials Departments. Previously successfully completed introductory courses in Materials Science and / or statistical physics would be of help, although this is not a prerequisite.

Syllabus

- Basic physical properties of solids. Dimensional analysis and estimations of orders of magnitude. - Crystal lattices and periodicity. Bravais- and composite lattices. Lattice- and basis vectors. Reciprocal latice and Brillouin zone. Bloch's theorem. - The model of homogeneous solid (jellium) and first-principles calculations for the cohesive energy, density and bulk modulus. - Motion of electrons motion in the homogeneous solid - Fermi model. - Motion of ions in the homogeneous solid - Debye model. - Thermal properties of solids . - Motion of electrons and ions in realistic materials. - Electrical, magnetic and optical properties.